Eritrea has announced the construction of a new dam in the Molqui sub-zone area that it hopes will build on efforts to strengthen the country’s water supplies
“A new dam is under construction in the Aitaber administrative area of the Molqui sub-zone,” a statement by the Ministry of Information noted.
“The dam is expected to ensure a reliable water supply for both humans and livestock, as well as support the development of irrigation farming.”
It added that the dam’s construction is being carried out in collaboration with local residents and members of the defence forces, naming Solomon Gebremeskel as coordinator of the project.
Work on the new dam project is around 80% complete it noted, citing Tesfamicael Gebru, administrator of the sub-zone, who indicated that the dam project is part of broader efforts to construct water reservoirs at the national level.
Earlier in April, the Ministry highlighted some of the challenges in terms of securing water supplies and ongoing efforts to improve infrastructure.
Situated within the Sahelian Belt, Eritrea is characterised by arid and semi-arid conditions and has endured recurrent, often severe, droughts for decades.
The country’s surface water is distributed across five major river basin systems: Setit, Mereb-Gash, Red Sea Basin, Barka-Ansebas and Danakil Ba.
“Although limited in volume, groundwater remains Eritrea’s most reliable source of freshwater,” the Ministry said in a statement on 17 April.
However, it added that rivers, lakes and aquifers across the country are increasingly under pressure due to overexploitation, deforestation, minimal recharge practices and the growing impact of climate change.
In response, the Ministry of Land, Water, and Environment introduced a comprehensive legal and policy framework to guide the sustainable management of water resources.
Eritrea’s access to clean and safe water has improved significantly in recent years, from just 13 per cent in 1991 to around 85 per cent today, through targeted investments in infrastructure, supportive policies and broad-based development efforts.
The number of dams and ponds has grown from 138 at independence in 1993 to nearly 800, further enhancing national water storage and distribution capacity.
“In 2023 alone, 16 micro-dams were completed, and were slated for completion in the last year," the Ministry of Information noted. “Furthermore, 17 micro-dams have been scheduled to be launched across 2024/25, underscoring the country’s sustained commitment to expanding access and building resilience."
It added that partnerships and cooperation with international development organisations also play a key role in Eritrea’s efforts, providing technical expertise, funding support and capacity-building.
“Through these collaborations, Eritrea is enhancing its ability to implement sustainable water projects and scale innovative solutions nationwide.”